Improvement in churns



J. CHRISTIE.

C HURN. Patented May16,1876;

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[mi/anion N.PETERS. PHDTO-LQTMOGRAPNER, WASHINGTON. D C.

.IQHN o ars'rrn, on; CALEDONIA, new, YORK.

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Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 1 77,375, dated May 16, 1876; applieation filed April 1, 1876. I

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, JOHN CHRISTIE, of Caledonia, in the county of Livingston and State of New York, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Rotating Ohurns, which improvement is fully set forth in the following specification, reference being had to the accompanying drawing.

The object of my invention is to place the trunnions of a rotating churn-body out at one side of-the center, whereby the body when left to itself will gravitate to a position in which the mouth of the same will be uppermost; to provide the said churn-body with compartments for holding hot or cold water for the purpose of regulating the temperature of the cream; and to give to the body such a form as is best adapted to do the work required of it, and to provide a suitable latch by which the crank may be locked to prevent the bodys rotating. H

In the drawing, Figure 1 is a side elevation of my invention, having a portion of the nearer head A broken away to uncover its interior and that of the water-pocket B. The rotating body, which I prefer to make pentagonal in shape, is composed of two parallel heads,

A and A, preferably made of wood, and the sides or faces 0 of wood or sheet metal, which, together, complete the inelosure. Upon the heads A and A trunnions are fastened, which rest in bearings at the top of standards D, one of which is extended to receive a crank, by which the body may be. rotated by hand or other power.

The dotted circle a is drawn concentric with the circumscribed circle of the head A, and the trunnions are set eccentrically to the said circles in such a manner as to throw a preponderance of weight of the churn-body to a point opposite the mouth F, by which the same will always stand uppermost by gravity when the churn is left to itself.

B B are water-tight compartments or pockets attached to the sides of the body, and located at points diametrically opposite, so as to balance each other. These pockets are for the purpose of holding water, either of a high or low temperature, to warm or cool the cream contained within the body, from which the water is separated only by a thin sheet of metal, G.

Experience has proven that cream is converted into butter most readily when kept at a temperature of about 60 Fahrenheit during the process 'ofchurning, and the butter then is in adesirable state to be worked and molded.

By filling the pockets with hot or cold water, as the case may require, the temperature of the cream may be regulated at pleasure. They are filled and emptied through the necks b, which are tightly corked when in use.

When a pocket is being filled, the weight of water tends to rotate the body. To prevent this, and to prevent the rotating of the body at any time, I employ a lockin g latch, t, attached to the frame, which, when.

thrown in position, holds the crank within a notch, as shown in Fig. 3. Thislatch is formed with a joint similar to an ordinary door-butt, and may be swung out of the way of the crank when necessary, as shown by the dotted position 2', Fig.2. 3

I prefer to make the body of the churn with five sides or faces, as shown, for I have found that if more sides are given to it it approaches so near a cylinder in form that the beating of the cream against the faces as the body is revolved is not sufficiently violent for the purpose, and if made with fewer sides the churning of the cream is retarded on account of there being fewer concussions to a revolution. I have also found that a rotating body made in the form described agitates the cream sufficiently without employing any dashes, floats,

scoops, 860., within it, and bythe interior being a blank or void, the butter is much more easily and perfectly removed therefrom, and the interior more readily cleansed. It can be made less expensive, and after the butter is churned and the butter-milk drawn ofi' through an aperture made for the purpose, the mass of butter may be conveniently and perfectly worked into a roll by oscillating the churnbody, causing the butter to roll backward and forward, striking against the faces or sides of the same.

I prefer to make the side of the body containing the mouth F of wood, and dovetail it into the heads A and A, or otherwise fasten it so as to act as a stay between the heads. I'also employ cross-ties d, dovetailed into the edges of the heads, as shown in Fig. 2, to stay the same together, and keep the joint tight between the heads and sides.

The mouth F is designed to be closed by a cover suitably jointed and fastened to the body.

I claim as my ihvention 1. A churn having a rotating box or body for holding the cream, composed of two heads, A and A, and five equal sides, 0, said heads and sides corresponding to bases and faces of a right pentangnlar prism, substantially as shown and described.

2. A rotating box or body of a churn, haw-i ing water apartments or pockets 13 attached, for the purpose set forth.

3. In combination with the frame andcrank of a rotating churn, a latch, i, substantially as shown, and for the purpose set forth.

4. Arotating box or body of a churn, having thetrunnions set to one side of the center of the heads, as and for the purpose set forth.

JOHN CHRISTIE.

Witnesses E. B. WHITMORE, F. W. WALKER. 

